乐清湾口海域春秋季甲壳动物的群落结构特征研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

夏陆军  周青松  俞存根  宋伟华  郑基  毕耜瑶  谢旭  李德伟  叶深 《海洋科学》2016,40(10):33-42

根据2012年春季和10月在乐清湾口海域开展渔业资源调查所获甲壳动物资料,对乐清湾口海域的甲壳动物的种类组成、优势种、物种数量分布、生物多样性和群落结构相似性等群落结构特征及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,调查海域共鉴定出34种甲壳动物,隶属于2目17科23属,春季优势种仅有三疣梭子蟹1种,秋季为日本、口虾蛄、中华管鞭虾、三疣梭子蟹4种,两季优势种更替较显著;秋季物种数较春季丰富,调查水域中心区域物种数较多;秋季甲壳动物生物多样性指数高于春季;甲壳动物群落结构与海洋环境密切相关。乐清湾口海域的甲壳动物以季节性的广温低盐种类为主,该海域位于河口,受瓯江径流影响较大;春季受瓯江径流淡水水团影响,物种较少,而秋季受交汇水团影响,物种丰富;春秋季组内并无明显规律,地形、水深和水系等外部因素对甲壳动物群落结构影响较大。  相似文献   

Seasonal variation in abundance and species composition of a planktonic diatom assemblage including viable cells on the bottom in matsushima bay,northeastern japan     

ICHINOMIYA Mutsuo  TANIGUCHI Akira 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(2):160-166

Seasonal variation in abundance and species composition of a planktonic diatom assemblage distributed in the water column and also settled on the bottom was investigated for the shallow coastal water in Matsushima Bay on the Pacific coast of northeastern Japan during the period from October 1999 to September 2000. A spring bloom of diatoms began in April when nutrient concentrations started to increase, indicating the importance of nutrients. Viable cells of Skeletonema costatum and Thalassiosira spp., which were the dominant species in the water column throughout the year, were also always abundant in the bottom sediment. Both populations in the water column and on the bottom fluctuated essentially in parallel. For the planktonic diatoms in shallow coastal waters to maintain their vegetative populations in the water column, it would be advantageous for them to have a seeding population of viable cells on the bottom that are easily resuspended into the upper photic layer.  相似文献   

Cladoceran and diatom evidence of lake-level fluctuations from a Finnish lake and the effect of acquatic-moss layers on microfossil assemblages     

Kaarina Sarmaja-Korjonen  Pentti Alhonen 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1999,22(3):277-290

We studied Holocene lake-level fluctuations from a small lake, Iso Lehmälampi, southern Finland, utilizing cladoceran and diatom analyses. We report data from a sediment core (A) taken from the deepest part of the lake (8.1 m) where two layers of moss, mixed with gyttja, were found. These layers were formed in situ during the early Holocene (1. ca. 8100-7900, 2. ca. 7300 BP). Lake-level fluctuations were inferred also from another core C, which did not have moss layers. According to the ratio of planktonic/littoral Cladocera, the water level was high around 9000 BP and started to fall before 8000 BP. The lowering continued until 7000 BP and the moss layers were formed during this lowering. Water level was high again ca. 6000 BP and lowered towards ca. 4000 BP. The late Holocene is characterized by several rapid fluctuations of lake-level. The ratio of planktonic/littoral Cladocera and the diatom species composition in core A showed drastic changes between the moss layers and the non-moss gyttja sections of the core. We suggest that they reflect changes in sedimentary facies between the local moss environment and the pelagic bottom. Thus, cores which contain moss layers may lead to erroneous interpretations of lake-level fluctuations.  相似文献   

Development of paleolimnological inference models for pH, total nitrogen and specific conductivity based on planktonic diatoms   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

Peter A. Siver 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1999,21(1):45-60

Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA was used to explore and identify statistically significant relationships between the distributions of planktonic diatoms and the physical and chemical properties of 50 Connecticut lakes. Six variables (pH, total nitrogen, calcium, sulfate, potassium and chlorophyll- a concentrations) were found to be significantly correlated with either or both of the first two extracted axes. The pH and calcium concentration, and to a lesser extent total nitrogen concentrations, were the most important variables controlling the distributions of planktonic diatoms in this suite of lakes. Paleolimnological inference models were developed for pH, total nitrogen (TN) and specific conductivity. Weighted averaging with (WAtol) and without (WA) tolerance downweighting, with and without bootstrap resampling techniques, and using either classical or inverse deshrinking methods were used to develop inference models for each variable. The pH and TN yielded sufficiently high 1/2 ratios and a highly significant first (constrained) axis when entered as single variables in both constrained and partially constrained CCA analyses, supporting the idea that reliable inference models could be developed for these variables. The r2 and RMSE of prediction values ranged from 0.73 to 0.86 and 0.37 to 0.6, respectively for pH, and from 0.4 to 0.64 and 59 g/l to 95 g/l, respectively for TN. Inference models for specific conductivity also yielded significant goodness-of-fit statistics. However, because specific conductivity was removed from the CCA analysis due to its high variance inflation factor and did not yield a significant relationship when entered as the sole variable in a partial constrained CCA, inference models for this variable will probably not yield any additional environmental information. The use of only planktonic diatoms in construction of inference models is discussed.  相似文献   

南海南部陆坡区的浮游有孔虫及其所表征的表层古水温   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

涂霞  郑范  陈木宏  周洁兰 《热带海洋学报》2000,19(3):40-49

根据南沙群岛海区NS93- 5柱样浮游有孔虫分布和高分辨率氧同位素地层学 ,揭示了氧同位素 1— 6期 ,其中氧同位素 2期的值最重 ,5期的值最轻。运用浮游有孔虫古生态转换函数求得冬季表层海水温度为 2 2— 2 8 C ,夏季变动在 2 8— 30 C之间 ,季节温差为 1—6 C ,冬季海水表层温度则是以上次冰期最低 ,末次间冰期最高 ,末次盛冰期的冬季表层水温下降幅度最大 ,很好地反映了距今 2 0 0ka以来表层水温的变化特征  相似文献   

Late Quaternary variations in calcium carbonate preservation of deep-sea sediments in the northern Cape Basin: results from a multiproxy approach     

Andrea N. A. Volbers  Rüdiger Henrich 《Marine Geology》2002,180(1-4):203-220

In this study, we test various parameters in deep-sea sediments (bulk sediment parameters and changes in microfossil abundances and preservation character) which are generally accepted as indicators of calcium carbonate dissolution. We investigate sediment material from station GeoB 1710-3 in the northern Cape Basin (eastern South Atlantic), 280 km away from the Namibian coast, well outside today’s coastal upwelling. As northern Benguela upwelling cells were displaced westward and periodically preceded the core location during the past 245 kyr (Volbers et al., submitted), GeoB 1710-3 sediments reflect these changes in upwelling productivity. Results of the most commonly used calcium carbonate dissolution proxies do not only monitor dissolution within these calcareous sediments but also reflect changes in upwelling intensity. Accordingly, these conventional proxy parameters misrepresent, to some extent, the extent of calcium carbonate dissolution. These results were verified by an independent dissolution proxy, the Globigerina bulloides dissolution index (BDX′) (Volbers and Henrich, submitted). The BDX′ is based on scanning electronic microscope ultrastructural investigation of planktonic foraminiferal tests and indicates persistent good carbonate preservation throughout the past 245 kyr, with the exception of one pronounced dissolution event at early oxygen isotopic stage (OIS) 6.

The early OIS 6 is characterized by calcium carbonate contents, sand contents, and planktonic foraminiferal concentrations all at their lowest levels for the last 245 kyr. At the same time, the ratio of radiolarian to planktonic foraminiferal abundances and the ratio of benthic to planktonic foraminiferal tests are strongly increased, as are the rain ratio, the fragmentation index, and the BDX′. The sedimentary calcite lysocline rose above the core position and GeoB 1710-3 sediments were heavily altered, as attested to by the unusual accumulation of pellets, aggregates, sponge spicules, radiolaria, benthic foraminifera, and planktonic foraminiferal assemblages.

Solely the early OIS 6 dissolution event altered the coarse fraction intensely, and is therefore reflected by all conventional calcium carbonate preservation proxies and the BDX′. We attribute the more than 1000 m rise of the sedimentary calcite lysocline to the combination of two processes: (a) a prominent change in the deep-water mass distribution within the South Atlantic and (b) intense degradation of organic material within the sediment (preserved as maximum total organic carbon content) creating microenvironments favorable for calcium carbonate dissolution.  相似文献   

黄海秋季大型底栖甲壳类多样性及群落结构的初步研究     

祝琳  李少月  王智  张蒙生  陈晨  滕安康  邵聪聪  于子山 《海洋科学》2022,46(9):98-108

基于2014年秋季（11月）在黄海海域所获取的大型底栖动物及环境数据,研究了黄海海域大型底栖甲壳类动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、多样性以及群落结构特征等。调查海域共发现71种大型底栖甲壳类动物,隶属于32科45属,其平均丰度和生物量分别为278inds./m2和2.33g/m2。IRI值最高的物种为太平洋方甲涟虫Eudorella pacifica。在23%的相似度水平上,可以将大型底栖甲壳类划分为六个群落。Pearson相关性结果显示,太平洋方甲涟虫Eudorella pacifica丰度与水深呈极显著正相关,与底盐呈显著正相关,与底温呈显著负相关。大型底栖甲壳类动物的物种数占比在黄海大型底栖动物类群组成中变化不大,都在30%左右。BOPA指数表明,调查海域底栖生态环境整体良好,仅黄海中部和南部部分站位可能存在中度扰动;BOPA指数能较好地评价研究海域的环境质量状况。  相似文献   

渤海湾浮游桡足类群落特征     

徐东会  齐衍萍  刘潇  潘玉龙  杜小媛  王泰森 《海洋科学》2022,46(3):69-80

采用浅水Ⅰ型浮游生物网,分别于2017年春、夏、秋和冬季在渤海湾海域采集浮游动物,分析了桡足类群落的组成种类、生物多样性和丰度分布特征及环境因子与桡足类群落特征之间的关系.结果如下:调查海域共出现桡足类20种,其中秋季种类最多达到13种,春季和冬季分别为12种和9种,夏季最少为8种.渤海湾海域桡足类丰度的平均值在春季最...  相似文献   

岩溶表层带水生动物研究进展   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

刘伟  周翠英  袁爱华  BRANCELJ Anton 《中国岩溶》2016,35(6):712-719

本文旨在介绍岩溶表层带水生生态研究中微小甲壳类生物的最新研究进展,相关研究国内还少有涉及。岩溶表层带不仅仅是岩溶地下含水层的一个重要组成,而且是岩溶发育的活跃地带,同时也是大量地下生物生存的栖息地。目前,岩溶表层带内甲壳类主要采自洞穴滴水,残留的滴水水洼以及裂隙中的水体。这些甲壳类主要是桡足类,也有其他甲壳类,如端足目和介形虫,它们主要为暗层生物（stygobiont）,也包括一些陆生物种。以斯洛文尼亚为例,在所调查的洞穴中平均每个洞穴有近9个暗层桡足类物种,为了适应表层带特殊的地质环境,这些物种在形体上存在适当的进化。表层带的众多地质因子如顶板厚度、栖息地的连通性、及栖息地的大小等,以及水文因子包括水文动态特征、水化学特征等,都对这些物种的组成与分布有较大的影响。虽然岩溶表层带及其水生动物的独特性和重要性已逐步得到了许多地质学家和生物学家的认可,但还有很多问题有待进一步的解答,譬如邻近群落间差异性,以及桡足类对非饱和带水流指示作用等。   相似文献   

南海北部1144站中更新世浮游有孔虫的千年尺度古气候记录     

郑范  李前裕  陈木宏 《地球科学》2006,31(6):780-786

南海北部ODP1144站中更新世气候转型时期的浮游有孔虫在千年尺度上以高频率变化为主要特征.冰期旋回主要周期在0.9Ma由41ka转变为100ka, 浮游有孔虫组合也随冰期旋回出现大量的冷水种.据转换函数得出的表层水降温高达10℃发生在0.9~0.6Ma间的转型过渡期, 跨越MIS22、20、18、16四大冰期.同时, 温跃层深度呈阶梯式变浅, 在MIS20上升至65m左右.所以, 南海北部上层水体环境在中更新世气候转型期出现比末次冰期更重的δ18O值, 温跃层变浅, 深水种含量降低或消失, 突出了边缘海区南北气候梯度反差和冬季风在冰期增强的讯号.南海南北部的环境差异与东西太平洋的差异, 共同表明低纬过程在气候变化中的重要性.   相似文献